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Classification—A Two-Step Process
- Model construction: describing a set of predetermined classes
- Each tuple/sample is assumed to belong to a predefined class, as determined by the class label attribute
- The set of tuples used for model construction is training set
- The model is represented as classification rules, decision trees, or mathematical formulae
- Model usage: for classifying future or unknown objects
- Estimate accuracy of the model
- The known label of test sample is compared with the classified result from the model
- Accuracy rate is the percentage of test set samples that are correctly classified by the model
- Test set is independent of training set (otherwise overfitting)
- If the accuracy is acceptable, use the model to classify new data
- Note: If the test set is used to select models, it is called validation (test) set
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