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Schemata
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An important component in the treatment of proofs is the notion of a schema
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A schema is an expression satisfying the grammatical rules of our language except for the occurrence of metavariables in place of various subparts of the expression.
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For example, the following expression is a pattern with metavariables φ and ψ.
φ → (ψ → φ)
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An instance of a sentence schema is the expression obtained by substituting expressions for the metavariables.
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For example, the following is an instance of the preceding schema.
p →( q → p )